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suspect that

  • 1 ὑποπτεύω

    A to be suspicious, X.Hier.2.17, Lys.1.10; ὑ. ἔς τινας c. inf. [tense] fut., have suspicions of them that.., Th.4.51.
    2 merely, suspect, guess, suppose, opp. ἱκανῶς συννοῶ, Pl.Tht. 164a, cf. X.HG5.4.29; have an inkling of, Pl.Grg. 453b;

    ὁ ἵππος ὑ. τι X.Eq.6.14

    :—[voice] Pass., to be conjectured, Pl.Lg. 967b.
    II trans., suspect, hold in suspicion, τινα S.El.43, Th.8.39;

    θὴρ ὑ. κυναγώς Theoc.23.10

    ; ὑ. τινὰ ἔς τι of something, Hdt.3.44:—[voice] Pass., to be suspected, mistrusted, Th.4.86;

    εἴς τι Id.6.92

    , Arist.Rh.Al. 1437a1: impers., ὡς ὑπωπτεύετο as was generally suspected, X.HG5.4.20.
    2 c. acc. pers. et inf., suspect that he..,

    ὑ. αὐτὸν δρησμὸν βουλεύειν Hdt.8.100

    , cf. 127, Th.4.126, Pl. Tht. 151b: c. inf. [tense] fut.,

    ἄν τινας ὑποπτεύῃ μὴ ἐπιτρέψειν αὐτῷ ἄρχειν Id.R. 567a

    , cf. Hdt.3.77: also ὑ. τινὰ ὡς .. suspect of him that.., ib.68; ὑ. μὴ .. Id.9.90.
    3 c. acc. rei, look with suspicion or apprehension on,

    τὸ πρῆγμα Id.6.129

    ;

    τὸ μέλλον E.Rh.49

    (lyr.): also ὑ. τι suspect something, Id.IT 1036, etc.;

    δεινὸν προσδοκᾶν ἢ ὑ. Epicur.Ep.1p.30U.

    ;

    τι περί τινος Pl.Cra. 409d

    ;

    τι κατά τινος Plb. 8.20.2

    : c. acc. et inf.,

    ἀλογώτατα ὑ. ἀεὶλέγεσθαι Phld.Ir.p.44

    W.
    III observe, notice, δεῖ ἀκριβῶς ὑποπτεύειν ἥτις ἐστὶν ἡ ποιητικὴ αἰτία (of a gout-attack) Alex.Trall.12:—[voice] Med., τὸν ἄρρωστον ὑ. εἰ πάρεστι πυρετός Id.Verm.init.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποπτεύω

  • 2 στῦλος

    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `column, pillar, support' (Dor. Ion., trag., hell. a. late), also = Lat. stilus (late; cf. Sempoux Rev. belge de phil. 39, 736ff.).
    Compounds: Compp., e.g. στυλο-βάτης, Dor. -τᾱς m. `foot of a doric column', compound of στῦλος and βῆ-ναι with τᾱ-suffix (Dor. inscr., Pl. Com. a.o.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 34 a. 200f.), τετρά-στυλος `consisting of four columns', - ον n. `colonnade of four columns' (inscr. a. pap. Rom. empire a.o.).
    Derivatives: 1. Dimin.: στυλ-ίς f. (Att. inscr. a.o.), - ίσκος m. (Hp., hell. a. late), - ίδιον n. (Str.), - άριον n. (pap. IIIp). 2. - ίτης m. `standing on one column, stylite' (Suid.; Redard 27), f. - ίτισσα (Amasia; after Φοίνισσα, βασίλισσα a.o.). 3. Denom. verbs: - όω (also ὑπο-, δια-, ἀπο-) `to support with columns' (hell. a. late) with ( ὑπο-)στύλ-ωμα, - ωσις (hell. a. late); - ίζω meaning uncertain (Ostr.) with ὑποστυλ-ισμός `support' (pap. IIp).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
    Etymology: Beside στῦ-λος stands in Indoiran. Av. stū̆-na- m., stu-nā f., Skt. sthū-ṇā f. (on Mayrhofer Mél. d'indianisme [Paris 1968] 509 f.) `pillar' with suffixal l-n-variation (Benveniste Origines 43); the basic verb is in Greek represented by στύω (s. v.). Here also with diff. ablaut σταυρός and στοά (s. vv.). Cf. further στύπος. -- The length of the vowel is rather difficult with the proposed etymology; I rather suspect that the word is of Pre-Greek origin
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στῦλος

  • 3 ὅς

    ὅς, ἥ, ὅ
    as relative pron. who, which, what, that (Hom.+). On its use s. B-D-F §293–97; 377–80; Rydbeck 98–118; W-S. §24; Rob. 711–26, and for ancient Gk. in gener. Kühner-G. II 399ff; Schwyzer II 639–41.
    As a general rule, the relative pron. agrees in gender and number w. the noun or pron. to which it refers (i.e. its antecedent); its case is determined by the verb, noun, or prep. that governs it: ὁ ἀστήρ, ὸ̔ν εἶδον Mt 2:9. ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ὅν ἐγὼ καταγγέλλω ὑμῖν Ac 17:3. Ἰουδαῖον, ᾧ (sc. ἦν) ὄνομα Βαριησοῦς 13:6. ὁ Ἰουδαῖος …, οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος Ro 2:29. Ἰσραηλίτης, ἐν ᾧ δόλος οὐκ ἔστιν J 1:47. οὗτος, περὶ οὗ ἀκούω τοιαῦτα Lk 9:9 and very oft.
    A demonstrative pron. is freq. concealed within the relative pron.:
    α. in such a way that both pronouns stand in the same case: ὅς the one who ὅς οὐ λαμβάνει Mt 10:38; sim. Mk 4:9; 9:40 (the three w. implied condition). οὗ of the one whose J 18:26. to the one to whom Ro 6:16. ὅν the one whom (or someth. sim.) Mk 15:12; J 1:45. οἷς to those for whom Mt 20:23. οὕς those whom Mk 3:13; J 5:21.that which, what Mt 10:27.—A prep. governing the relative belongs in certain pass. to the (omitted) demonstr. pron. alone: παρʼ ὅ Ro 12:3; Gal 1:8; ὑπὲρ ὅ (ἅ) 1 Cor 10:13; 2 Cor 12:6; Phlm 21; πρὸς ἅ 2 Cor 5:10; εἰς ὅν J 6:29. In others it must be added to both pronouns: ἐν ᾧ in that in which 2 Cor 11:12; 1 Pt 2:12; 3:16 (these passages in 1 Pt may be classed under 1kγ also). ἐν οἷς Phil 4:11. ὑπὲρ οὑ because of that for which 1 Cor 10:30. ἀφʼ ὧν from the persons from whom 2 Cor 2:3.—The much disputed pass. ἑταῖρε, ἐφʼ ὸ̔ πάρει Mt 26:50 would belong here if we were to supply the words necessary to make it read about as follows: friend, (are you misusing the kiss) for that (purpose) for which you are here? (Wlh.; EKlostermann) or thus: in connection with that (=the purposes), for which (=for the realization of which) you have appeared (do you kiss me)? (Rdm.2 78). Friend, are you here for this purpose? FRehkopf, ZNW 52, ’61, 109–15. But s. βב and iβ below.
    β. But the two pronouns can also stand in different cases; in such instances the demonstr. pron. is nearly always in the nom. or acc.
    א. in the nom. οὗ one whose Ac 13:25. ὧν those whose Ro 4:7 (Ps 31:1). ᾧ the one to or for whom Lk 7:43; 2 Pt 1:9. οἷς those to whom Mt 19:11; Ro 15:21 (Is 52:15). ὅ that (nom.) which (acc.) Mt 13:12; 25:29; 26:13; Mk 11:23; Lk 12:3. Likew. ἅ Lk 12:20. ὅν he whom J 3:34; 4:18; Ac 10:21. ἐφʼ ὅν the one about whom Hb 7:13.
    ב. in the acc. ὧν the things of which J 13:29. the one (in) whom 2 Ti 1:12. So also w. a prep.: ἐν ᾧ anything by which Ro 14:21. ἐν οἷς things in which 2 Pt 2:12. ἐφʼ ὅ that upon which Lk 5:25. περὶ ὧν the things of which Ac 24:13. ἐφʼ οἷς from the things of which Ro 6:21 (this passage perh. uses a commercial metaphor, for pap s. Mayser II/2, 434f §121). εἰς ὸ̔ν the one in whom Ro 10:14a.—So Mt 26:50 (s. bα above), if the words to be supplied are about as follows: friend, (do that) for which you have come! (so ESchwartz, ByzZ 25, 1925, 154f; EOwen, JTS 29, 1928, 384–86; WSpiegelberg, ZNW 28, 1929, 341–43; FZorell, VD 9, 1929, 112–16; sim. PMaas, Byz.-Neugriech. Jahrb. 8, ’31, 99; 9, ’32, 64; WEltester: OCullmann Festschr., ’62, 70–91; but s. iβ end.—S. Jos., Bell. 2, 615 at πάρειμι 1a).
    ג. Only in isolated instances does the demonstr. pron. to be supplied stand in another case: οὗ = τούτῳ, οὗ in him of whom Ro 10:14b. παρʼ ὧν = τούτοις, παρʼ ὧν Lk 6:34.
    Constructions peculiar in some respect
    α. The pleonastic use of the pers. pron. after ὅς (Mlt. 94f; B-D-F §297) γυνὴ ἧς εἶχεν τὸ θυγάτριον αὐτῆς Mk 7:25 is found in older Gk. (Hyperid., Euxen. 3 ὧν … τούτων.—Kühner-G. II 433f), and is not unknown in later Gk. (POxy 117, 15), but above all is suggested by Semitic languages (LXX; GrBar 2:1; Thackeray 46; JHudson, ET 53, ’41/42, 266f); the omission of αὐτῆς in the v.l. is in line w. Gk. usage. οὗ τὸ πτύον ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ Mt 3:12; Lk 3:17. οὗ … τῶν ὑποδημάτων αὐτοῦ Mk 1:7; Lk 3:16. οὗ τῷ μώλωπι αὐτοῦ 1 Pt 2:24 v.l. οὗ καὶ πολλὰ αὐτοῦ συγγράματα EpilMosq 2. In a quot. ἐφʼ οὓς ἐπικέκληται … ἐπʼ αὐτούς Ac 15:17 = Am 9:12. οὗ ἡ πνοὴ αὐτοῦ 1 Cl 21:9. Esp. freq. in Rv 3:8; 7:2, 9; 9:11 v.l.; 13:8, 12; 20:8.
    β. constructions ‘ad sensum’
    א. a relative in the sing. refers to someth. in the pl. οὐρανοῖς … ἐξ οὗ (οὐρανοῦ) Phil 3:20.
    ב. a relative in the pl. refers to a sing. (Jdth 4:8 γερουσία, οἵ) πλῆθος πολύ …, οἳ ἦλθον Lk 6:17f. κατὰ πόλιν πᾶσαν, ἐν αἷς Ac 15:36. Cp. ἤδη δευτέραν ἐπιστολήν, ἐν αἷς (i.e. ἐν ταῖς δυσὶν ἐπιστ.) 2 Pt 3:1.
    ג. the relative conforms to the natural gender rather than the grammatical gender of its antecedent noun τέκνα μου, οὕς Gal 4:19; cp. 2 J 1; Phlm 10. ἔθνη, οἵ Ac 15:17 (Am 9:12); cp. 26:17. παιδάριον, ὅς J 6:9. θηρίον, ὅς Rv 13:14. ὀνόματα, οἵ 3:4 v.l. γενεᾶς σκολιᾶς, ἐν οἷς Phil 2:15. W. ref. to Christ, τὴν κεφαλήν, ἐξ οὗ Col 2:19.
    Attraction (or assimilation) of the relative. Just as in Hdt. and freq. Att., ins, pap, LXX, the simple relative ὅς, ἥ, ὅ is somet. attracted to the case of its antecedent, even though the relationship of the relative within its own clause would demand a different case.
    α. In most instances it is the acc. of the rel. that is attracted to the gen. or dat. of the antecedent: περὶ πράγματος οὗ ἐὰν αἰτήσωνται Mt 18:19. τῆς διαθήκης ἧς ὁ θεὸς διέθετο Ac 3:25. Cp. Mt 24:50b; Mk 7:13; Lk 2:20; 3:19; 5:9; 9:43; 15:16; J 4:14; 7:31; 15:20; 17:5; 21:10; Ac 1:1; 2:22; 22:10; 1 Cor 6:19; 2 Cor 1:6; 10:8, 13; Eph 2:10; 2 Th 1:4; Jd 15 al.—When the antecedent is an understood but unexpressed demonstr. pron. (s. b, beg.) that would stand in the gen. or dat., the acc. of a relative pron. can be attracted to this gen. or dat.: οὐδὲν ὧν ἑώρακαν is really οὐδὲν τούτων ἃ ἑώρακαν Lk 9:36 (Schwyzer II 641); ἅ takes on the case of τούτων which, in turn, is omitted (so already Soph., Pla., et al.).—23:14, 41; Ac 8:24; 21:19, 24; 22:15; 25:11; 26:16; Ro 15:18; 1 Cor 7:1; Eph 3:20; Hb 5:8. ὧν = τούτων, οὕς J 17:9; 2 Cor 12:17. οἷς = τούτοις, ἅ Lk 24:25.
    β. The dat. of the relative is less frequently attracted (B-D-F §294, 2; Rob. 717) ἕως τῆς ἡμέρας ἧς (=ᾗ) ἀνελήμφθη Ac 1:22 (cp. Lev 23:15; 25:50; Bar 1:19); Eph 1:6; 4:1; 1 Ti 4:6 v.l.; κατέναντι οὗ ἐπίστευσεν θεοῦ = κατέν. τοῦ θεοῦ ᾧ ἐπίστ. Ro 4:17. διὰ τῆς παρακλήσεως ἧς παρακαλούμεθα 2 Cor 1:4.
    γ. In relative clauses that consist of subject, predicate, and copula, the relative pron. somet. agrees in gender and number not w. the noun to which it refers, but w. the predicate if it is the subj. and, conversely, w. the subj. if it is the pred. of its own clause: πνεύματι …, ὅς ἐστιν ἀρραβών Eph 1:14 v.l. τῷ σπέρματί σου, ὅς ἐστιν Χριστός Gal 3:16. τὴν μάχαιραν τοῦ πνεύματος, ὅ ἐστιν ῥῆμα θεοῦ Eph 6:17.—Rv 4:5; 5:8.
    δ. Inverse attraction occurs when the relative pronoun attracts its antecedent to its own case (as early as Hom.; also Soph., Oed. Rex 449; s. Kühner-G. II 413; Schwyzer II 641; B-D-F §295; Rob. 717f); τὸν ἄρτον ὸ̔ν κλῶμεν, οὐχὶ κοινωνία … ἐστιν; = ὁ ἄρτος ὅν … 1 Cor 10:16. λίθον, ὸ̔ν ἀπεδοκίμασαν … οὗτος ἐγενήθη (Ps 117:22) Mt 21:42; Mk 12:10; Lk 20:17; 1 Pt 2:7 v.l.—παντὶ ᾧ ἐδόθη πολύ, πολὺ ζητηθήσεται παρʼ αὐτοῦ Lk 12:48. ὅρκον, ὸ̔ν ὤμοσεν (=μνησθῆναι ὅρκου ὅν) 1:73 (s. W-S. §24, 7 note). τοὺς λίθους, οὓς εἶδες, ἀποβεβλημένους, οὗτοι … ἐφόρεσαν Hs 9, 13, 3. Cp. 1J 2:25.
    ε. Attraction can, as in earlier Gk. (Thu. 2, 70, 4), fail to take place when the relative clause is more distinctly separated fr. its antecedent by additional modifiers of the noun and by the importance attaching to the content of the relative clause itself (B-D-F §294, 1; Rob. 714f): τῆς σκηνῆς τῆς ἀληθινῆς, ἣν ἔπηξεν ὁ κύριος, οὐκ ἄνθρωπος Hb 8:2. But s. also Mk 13:19; J 2:22; 4:5; Ac 8:32; 1 Ti 4:3; Tit 1:2; Phlm 10; Hb 9:7; Rv 1:20.
    The noun which is the antecedent of a relative clause can be incorporated into the latter
    α. without abbreviating the constr. and without attraction of the case: ᾗ οὐ δοκεῖτε ὥρᾳ = τῇ ὥρᾳ ᾗ οὐ δοκ. Mt 24:44; cp. Lk 12:40; 17:29, 30. ἃ ἡτοίμασαν ἀρώματα 24:1. ὸ̔ ἐποίησεν σημεῖον J 6:14. ὸ̔ θέλω ἀγαθόν Ro 7:19.
    β. w. abbreviation, in that a prep. normally used twice is used only once: ἐν ᾧ κρίματι κρίνετε κριθήσεσθε = ἐν τῷ κρίματι, ἐν ᾧ κρίνετε, κριθήσεσθε Mt 7:2a. Cp. vs. 2b; Mk 4:24. ἐν ᾧ ἦν τόπῳ = ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ἐν ᾧ ἦν J 11:6. καθʼ ὸ̔ν τρόπον = κατὰ τὸν τρόπον, καθʼ ὅν Ac 15:11.
    γ. w. a change in case, due mostly to attraction
    א. of the relative pron. περὶ πάντων ὧν ἐποίησεν πονηρῶν = περὶ πάντων πονηρῶν, ἃ ἐπ. Lk 3:19. περὶ πασῶν ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων = περὶ πασῶν δυνάμεων, ἃς εἶδον 19:37. αἰτίαν … ὧν ἐγὼ ὑπενόουν πονηρῶν Ac 25:18.—The dat. of the relative is also attracted to other cases: ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας = ἄχρι τῆς ἡμέρας, ᾖ Mt 24:38; Lk 1:20; 17:27; Ac 1:2. ἀφʼ ἧς ἡμέρας Col 1:6, 9.
    ב. of the noun to which the rel. refers: ὸ̔ν ἐγὼ ἀπεκεφάλισα Ἰωάννην, οὗτος ἠγέρθη = Ἰωάννης ὸ̔ν κτλ. Mk 6:16 εἰς ὸ̔ν παρεδόθητε τύπον διδαχῆς = τῷ τύπῳ τῆς διδαχῆς εἰς ὸ̔ν παρεδόθητε Ro 6:17.
    δ. The analysis is doubtful in passages like περὶ ὧν κατηχήθης λόγων = περὶ τῶν λόγων οὓς κατηχήθης or τῶν λόγων, περὶ ὧν κατηχήθης Lk 1:4. ἄγοντες παρʼ ᾧ ξενισθῶμεν Μνάσωνι Ac 21:16 must acc. to the sense = ἄγοντες πρὸς Μνάσωνα, ἵνα ξενισθῶμεν παρʼ αὐτῷ. S. B-D-F §294, 5; Rob. 719.
    The prep. can be omitted before the relative pron. if it has already been used before the antecedent noun: ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ ᾧ (=ἐν ὧ.) Ac 1:21. εἰς τὸ ἔργον ὅ (=εἰς ὅ) 13:2. ἀπὸ πάντων ὧν (=ἀφʼ ὧν) vs. 38. Cp. 26:2. ἐν τῷ ποτηρίῳ ᾧ (=ἐν ᾧ) Rv 18:6.
    The neut. is used
    α. in explanations, esp. of foreign words and of allegories: ὅ ἐστιν which or that is, which means: βασιλεὺς Σαλήμ, ὅ ἐστιν βασιλεὺς εἰρήνης Hb 7:2; cp. Mt 27:33; Mk 3:17; 7:11, 34; 15:42. Also ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον Mt 1:23; Mk 5:41; Ac 4:36; cp. J 1:38, 41f. ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενος κρανίου τόπος Mk 15:22 v.l. (for μεθερμηνευόμενον). τόπος, ὸ̔ λέγεται, Ἑβραϊστὶ Γολγοθά J 19:17.—S. also αὐλῆς, ὅ ἐστιν πραιτώριον Mk 15:16. λεπτὰ δὺο, ὅ ἐστιν κοδράντης 12:42. τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ, ὅ ἐστιν ἡ ἐκκλησία Col 1:24. πλεονέκτης ὅ ἐστιν εἰδωλολάτρης Eph 5:5. τὴν ἀγάπην ὅ ἐστιν σύνδεσμος τῆς τελειότητος Col 3:14.—B-D-F §132, 2.
    β. when the relative pron. looks back upon a whole clause: τοῦτον τ. Ἰησοῦν ἀνέστησεν ὁ θεός, οὗ πάντες ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν μάρτυρες Ac 2:32; cp. 3:15; 11:30; 26:9f; Gal 2:10; Col 1:29; 1 Pt 2:8; Rv 21:8.
    γ. ὅ is to be understood as an obj. acc. and gains its content fr. what immediately follows in these places (s. W-S. §24, 9; Rob. 715): ὸ̔ ἀπέθανεν, τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ ἀπέθανεν ἐφάπαξ = τὸν θάνατον, ὸ̔ν ἀπέθανεν κτλ. what he died, i.e. the death he suffered, he suffered for sin Ro 6:10a; cp. vs. 10b. ὸ̔ νῦν ζῶ ἐν σαρκί the life that I now live in the flesh Gal 2:20.
    The relative is used w. consecutive or final mng. (result or purpose): τίς ἔγνω νοῦν κυρίου, ὸ̔ς συμβιβάσει αὐτόν; who has known the mind of the Lord, so that he could instruct him? 1 Cor 2:16 (cp. Is 40:13). ἄξιός ἐστιν ᾧ παρέξῃ τοῦτο he is worthy that you should grant him this Lk 7:4. ἀποστέλλω τὸν ἄγγελόν μου …, ὸ̔ς κατασκευάσει Mt 11:10. ἔπεμψα Τιμόθεον …, ὸ̔ς ὑμᾶς ἀναμνήσει 1 Cor 4:17. ἔχετε μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν, εἰς οὓς ἐργάσεσθε τὸ καλόν 21:2.
    taking the place of the interrogative pron.
    α. in indirect questions (Soph., Oed. Rex 1068; Thu. 1, 136, 4; Attic ins of 411 B.C. in Meisterhans3-Schw.; pap [Witkowski 30, 7]; oft. Joseph. [Schmidt 369]; Just., D. 44, 4 διʼ ἧς ὁδοῦ). ὸ̔ ἐγὼ ποιῶ what I am doing J 13:7. ἃ λέγουσιν 1 Ti 1:7 (Just., D. 9, 1 οὐ γὰρ οἶδας ὸ̔ λέγεις).—J 18:21.
    β. NT philology has generally dismissed the proposition that ὅς is used in direct questions (Mlt. 93; B-D-F §300, 2; Radermacher2 78; PMaas [see 1bβב above]). An unambiguous example of it is yet to be found. Even the ins on a goblet in Dssm., LO 100ff [LAE 125–31], ET 33, 1922, 491–93 leaves room for doubt. Therefore also the translation of ἐφʼ ὸ̔ πάρει Mt 26:50 as ‘what are you here for?’ (so Goodsp., Probs. 41–43; similarly, as early as Luther, later Dssm.; JWilson, ET 41, 1930, 334) has been held suspect. S. ZNW 52, ’61, 109ff.—Rob. 725 doubts the interrogative here, but Mlt-Turner 50 inclines toward it. If further proof for interrogative use of ὅς can be found, lit.-crit. considerations (s. vv. 14–16) invite attention to the v.l. (s. Tdf. app.) ἐφʼ ᾦ, a combination used in commercial documents (PGrenf II, 17, 2; 5; Mayser II/1 p. 215); the colloquial use suggests the sense: What deal did you make?—See also 1bβב above.
    combined w. particles
    α. with ἄν (ἐάν), s. ἄν I. b.
    β. with γέ (s. γέ aβ and cp. PFlor 370, 9) Ro 8:32.
    γ. w. δήποτε whatever J 5:3(4) v.l. (the vv.ll. vary betw. οἵῳ and ᾧ, δηποτοῦν and δήποτε).
    δ. w. καί who also Mk 3:19; Lk 6:13f; 7:49 al.
    ε. with περ = ὅσπερ, ἥπερ, ὅπερ (TestSol, TestAbr; TestJob 7:13; JosAs 14:12; GrBar; ApcSed 2:1; Jos., Ant. 2, 277, Vi. 95; apolog. [exc. Mel.]) just the one who Mk 15:6 v.l. ὅπερ which indeed Ox 840, 35; ISm 4:1. πάντα ἅπερ whatever GPt 11:45.
    used w. preposition (s. also above: 1bα; 1bβב; 1eβ,γ; 1f, and s. Johannessohn, Präp. 382f [ind.]), whereby a kind of conjunction is formed:
    α. with ἀντί: ἀνθʼ ὧν (s. ἀντί 4) because Lk 1:20; 19:44; Ac 12:23; 2 Th 2:10; therefore Lk 12:3.
    β. w. εἰς: εἰς ὅ to this end 2 Th 1:11.
    γ. with ἐν: ἐν οἷς connects w. the situation described in what precedes under which circumstances = under these circumstances Lk 12:1; Ac 24:18 v.l.; 26:12. So also perh. ἐν ᾧ 1 Pt 1:6; 2:12; 3:16, 19; 4:4. S. also ἐν 7 and cp. 1bα above.
    δ. w. ἐπί: ἐφʼ ᾧ (normally, ‘for which’: Plut., Cimon 483 [8, 6] Cimon receives honors in requital for his generous deed [cp. the pl. ἐφʼ οἷς IPriene 114, 22 of honors heaped on a gymnasiarch for his numerous contributions]; cp. Plut., Mor. 522e and Diog. L. 7, 173. Conversely Plut., Aratus 1048 [44, 4]: A. suffers some dishonor ‘for what’ he did to one of his associates) has freq. been interpreted=ἐπὶ τούτῳ ὅτι for the reason that, because Ro 5:12 (lit. on ἁμαρτία 3a); 2 Cor 5:4; Phil 3:12; for 4:10. But a commercial metaphor may find expression in the first 3 passages cited here; s. ἐπί 6c. Difft. on Ro 5:12 JFitzmyer, NTS 39, ’93, 321–39; also comm. (Anchor), ad loc.: ‘with the result that, so that’
    ε. οὗ χάριν therefore Lk 7:47.
    ζ. in indications of time: ἀφʼ ἧς (s. ἀπό 2bγ and cp. BGU 252, 9 [98 A.D.]) from the time when; since Lk 7:45; Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4; Hs 8, 6, 6 v.l.; as soon as, after 8, 1, 4.—ἀφʼ οὗ (s. ἀπό 2bγ) when once, since Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18. ἄχρι οὗ (s. ἄχρι 1bα) until (the time when) Ac 7:18; Ro 11:25; 1 Cor 11:26; Gal 3:19. Also ἕως οὗ until Mt 1:25; 13:33; 14:22; 17:9; Lk 13:21; D 11:6 al. μέχρις οὗ until Mk 13:30; Gal 4:19.—On the gen. οὗ as an adv. of place s. it as a separate entry.
    Demonstrative pron. this (one) (Hom.+; prose of Hdt. et al. [Kühner-G. II 228f]; pap, LXX).
    ὸ̔ς δέ but he (Ps.-Lucian, Philopatris 22; PRyl 144, 14 [38 A.D.]) Mk 15:23; J 5:11 v.l. Mostly
    ὸ̔ς μὲν … ὸ̔ς δέ the one … the other (Hippocr.+; very oft. in later wr.; POxy 1189, 7 [c. 117 A.D.]; SibOr 3, 654) the masc. in var. cases of sing. and pl. Mt 22:5; Lk 23:33; Ac 27:44; Ro 14:5; 1 Cor 11:21; 2 Cor 2:16; Jd 22f. ὸ̔ μὲν … ὸ̔ δέ this … that Ro 9:21. ἃ μὲν … ἃ δέ (Lucian, Rhet. Praec. 15) some … others 2 Ti 2:20. ὸ̔ς μὲν … ὸ̔ς δὲ … ὸ̔ς δέ Mt 21:35; 25:15 (Lucian, Tim. 57 διδοὺς … ᾧ μὲν πέντε δραχμάς, ᾧ δέ μνᾶν, ᾧ δὲ ἡμιτάλαντον). ὸ̔ μὲν … ὸ̔ δὲ … ὸ̔ δέ Mt 13:8b, 23. ᾧ μὲν … ἄλλῳ δὲ … ἑτέρῳ (ἄλλῳ δέ is then repeated five times, and before the last one there is a second ἑτέρῳ) 1 Cor 12:8–10. ὸ̔ μὲν … καὶ ἄλλο κτλ. Mk 4:4. ὸ̔ μὲν … καὶ ἕτερον (repeated several times) Lk 8:5. ἃ μὲν … ἄλλα δέ (repeated several times) Mt 13:4–8a. In anacoluthon οὓς μέν without οὓς δέ 1 Cor 12:28. ὸ̔ς μὲν … ὁ δὲ ἀσθενῶν Ro 14:2.—B-D-F §250. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 100f.—DELG 1 ὅς. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὅς

  • 4 ὑπό

    ὑπό (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX, En, TestSol; TestAbr A; TestAbr B 14 p. 148, 20 [Stone p. 84 gen.]; TestJob, Test12Patr, JosAs, ParJer, GrBar [gen.], ApcEsdr [gen.], ApcSed [gen.], ApcMos [gen.], AscIs [gen.], EpArist, Philo, Joseph.; apolog. [in Ath. only gen.]) prep. w. gen. and acc., in our lit. not w. dat. (s. B-D-F §203; Rob. 634; for usage s. B-D-F §232; Rob. 633–36; w. dat. TestSol 13:6 C; Just., D. 126, 5; 132, 2).—Lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.
    A. w. gen. marker of agency or cause, by (in our lit. as well as the LXX no longer in a local sense)
    w. the pass. of a verb
    α. w. gen. of pers. τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ κυρίου (cp. Gen 45:27; SIG 679, 85; Just., D. 44, 1 εἰρῆσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ; τὰ εἰρημένα ὑπὸ τῶν προφητῶν) Mt 1:22 (Jos., Ant. 8, 223 ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τ. προφήτου; Just., A I, 5, 4 διὰ Σωκράτους ὑπὸ λόγου); 2:15. Cp. vs. 16; Mk 1:13; Lk 2:18; J 14:21; Ac 4:11; 1 Cor 1:11; 2 Cor 1:4; Gal 1:11; Eph 2:11; Phil 3:12; 1 Th 1:4; 1 Cl 12:2; 2 Cl 1:2; Hm 4, 3, 6 and oft.; AcPlCor 2:7. Also w. the pass. in the sense ‘allow oneself to be … by’ Mt 3:6, 13; Mk 1:5, 9.
    β. w. gen. of thing (cp. X., An. 1, 5, 5 ὑπὸ λιμοῦ ἀπολέσθαι; Diod S 5, 54, 3 ὑπὸ σεισμῶν διεφθάρησαν; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 22 p. 342, 17 Jac. ὑπὸ φαρμακῶν διαφθαρείς; Appian, Liby. 35 §147 ὑπὸ τοῦ χειμῶνος κατήγοντο, Bell. Civ. 4, 123 §515; Longus 2, 18 a nose smashed ὑπὸ πληγῆς τινος; Herm. Wr. 10, 4b; Tat. 8, 5 ὑπὸ βραχείας αὔρας νικηθείς; UPZ 42, 9 [162 B.C.]) καλύπτεσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων Mt 8:24. Cp. 11:7; 14:24; Lk 7:24; 8:14; Ac 27:41; Ro 3:21; 12:21; 1 Cor 10:29; 2 Cor 5:4; Col 2:18; Js 1:14; 3:4ab; 2 Pt 2:17; Jd 12; Rv 6:13; Hm 10, 1, 4.
    w. verbs and verbal expressions that have a pass. sense πάσχειν ὑπό τινος (Mel., P. 75, 546ff; s. πάσχω 3aβ; 3b) Mt 17:12; Mk 5:26; 1 Th 2:14ab. ὑπὸ χειρὸς ἀνθρώπων παθεῖν B 5:5 (cp. Mel., P. 96, 737 ὑπὸ δεξιᾶς Ἰσραηλίτιδος). ἀπολέσθαι 1 Cor 10:9f (Jos., Ant. 2, 300; cp. Sb 1209 Ἀπολλώνιος ἐτελεύτησεν ὑπὸ σκορπίου). ὑπομένειν ἀντιλογίαν Hb 12:3. τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν λαβεῖν 2 Cor 11:24. ἃ … παρέλαβον ὑπὸ τῶν … ἀποστόλων what I received from the apostles AcPlCor 2:2; ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἀναστάς raised by God Pol 9:2. γίνεσθαι ὑπό τινος be done by someone (s. γίνομαι 2a) Lk 13:17; 23:8; Ac 20:3; 26:6; Eph 5:12. Cp. Ac 23:30 v.l. The text of GJs 18:3 (not pap) is suspect. W. ὑπὸ γυναικός Hv 1, 2, 3 someth. like ‘it was brought about’ is to be supplied.
    w. nouns ἡ ἐπιτιμία ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν πλειόνων the punishment at the hands of the majority 2 Cor 2:6 (cp. X., Cyr. 3, 3, 2 ἡ ὑπὸ πάντων τιμή; SIG 1157, 10 διὰ τὰς εὐεργεσίας τὰς ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ; Esth 1:20 ὁ νόμος ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως).
    When used w. an act., ὑπό introduces the one through whose agency the action expressed by the verb becomes poss. (Hdt. 9, 98; Pla., Phlb. 66a ὑπʼ ἀγγέλων φράζειν=‘say through messengers’; cp. Herm. Wr. 9, 9 ὑπὸ δεισιδαιμονίας βλασφημεῖν; Just., D. 2, 6 ὑπὸ βλακείας ἤλπιζον αὐτίκα κατόψεσθαι τὸν θεόν=in my stupidity I thought that I would forthwith look upon God) ἀποκτεῖναι ὑπὸ τῶν θηρίων Rv 6:8. ὑπὸ ἀγγέλου βλέπεις you see under the guidance of an angel Hs 9, 1, 2b; cp. ibid. 2a and s. Mayser II/2, 511f; to the ref. there add PLeid XI, 1, col. 1, 15.
    B. w. acc.
    a position below an object or another position, under, w. acc. of place under, below
    answering the question ‘whither?’ ἔρχεσθαι 1 Cl 16:17; Hs 8, 1, 1 (PsSol 18:7). εἰσέρχεσθαι ὑπὸ τὴν στέγην Mt 8:8 (cp. Ar. 15, 7 ὑπὸ στέγην εἰσάγουσιν); Lk 7:6. συνάγειν 1 Cl 12:6. ἐπισυνάγειν Mt 23:37; Lk 13:34. τιθέναι Mt 5:15; Mk 4:21ab; Lk 11:33. κρύπτειν (cp. Job 20:12) 1 Cl 12:3. Also (below) at κάθου ὑπὸ τὸ ὑποπόδιόν μου Js 2:3 (cp. ParJer 5:1 ἐκάθισεν ὑπὸ τὴν σκίαν; Just., D. 107, 3). ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας under the feet (Hdt. 7, 88, 1) 1 Cor 15:25, 27; Eph 1:22. ὁ θεὸς συντρίψει τὸν σατανᾶν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν God will crush Satan so that he will lie at your feet Ro 16:20.
    in answer to the question ‘where?’ (Il. 5, 267; Ael. Aristid. 39 p. 734 D.: τὰ ὑπὸ τὸν ἥλιον; Maximus Tyr. 35, 5b) Mk 4:32. ὄντα ὑπὸ τὴν συκῆν J 1:48. Cp. Ro 3:13 (Ps 13:3; 139:4); 1 Cor 10:1; Jd 6. ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν under heaven=on earth Ac 4:12; as adj. ὁ ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν (found) under heaven=on earth (Demosth. 18, 270; UPZ 106, 14 [99 B.C.] τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν χωρῶν; Just., A II, 5, 2; cp. without the art. PsSol 2:32; TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 5 [Stone p. 40]) 2:5; Col 1:23; Hm 12, 4, 2; ἡ ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανόν (χώρα to be supplied; cp. Ex 17:14; Job 28:24) Lk 17:24a; cp. b. ὑπὸ ζυγὸν δοῦλοι (ζυγός 1) 1 Ti 6:1.
    marker of that which is in a controlling position, under, under the control of, under obligation in ref. to power, rule, sovereignty, command, etc. w. acc. (OGI 56, 13 [237 B.C.] ὑπὸ τὴν βασιλείαν τασσόμενοι; PHib 44 [253 B.C.] et al. in pap; Just., D. 52, 4 εἶναι … ὑπὸ ἴδιον βασιλέα) ἄνθρωπος ὑπὸ ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος (ἐξουσία 4) Lk 7:8a; cp. Mt 8:9a; Hs 1:3 (Vett. Val. 209, 35 ὑπὸ ἑτέρων ἐξουσίαν ὄντας). ἔχων ὑπʼ ἐμαυτὸν στρατιώτας (Polyb. 4, 87, 9 Μεγαλέαν ὑφʼ αὐτὸν εἶχεν) Mt 8:9b; Lk 7:8b (OGI 86, 11 [III B.C.] οἱ ὑπʼ αὐτὸν τεταγμένοι στρατιῶται). ὑπό τινα εἶναι be under someone’s power (Thu. 6, 86, 4; PSI 417, 36 [III B.C.] ὑπὸ τὸν ὅρκον εἶναι) Gal 3:25; 4:2; ὑφʼ ἁμαρτίαν Ro 3:9; ὑπὸ νόμον 6:14, 15 (both opp. ὑπὸ χάριν); 1 Cor 9:20abcd; Gal 4:21; 5:18; ὑπὸ κατάραν 3:10. ὑπὸ νόμον ἐφρουρούμεθα vs. 23. γενόμενος ὑπὸ νόμον Gal 4:4 (γινομαι 9d and Thu. 1, 110, 2 Αἴγυπτος ὑπὸ βασιλέα ἐγένετο). ὑπὸ τὰ στοιχεῖα τοῦ κόσμου ἤμεθα δεδουλωμένοι vs. 3. συνέκλεισεν ἡ γραφὴ τὰ πάντα ὑπὸ ἁμαρτίαν 3:22 (s. συγκλείω 2). πεπραμένος ὑπὸ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν Ro 7:14. ταπεινώθητε ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖρα τοῦ θεοῦ 1 Pt 5:6 (s. ταπεινόω 3); cp. οὐκ ἔκλινας τὴν κεφαλήν σου ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖραν GJs 15:4; τὸ αἷμά σου ὑπὸ τὴν χεῖράν μού ἐστιν 23:2. οἱ ὑπὸ νόμον those who are under (the power of, obligation to) the law Gal 4:5 (Just., D. 45, 3 [w. art.]; cp. X., Cyr. 3, 3, 6 τινὰς τῶν ὑφʼ ἑαυτούς).
    marker of the approximate time of a period, about w. acc. (w. varying degrees of precision: in earlier Gk.: Aristoph et al.; PTebt 50, 18 [112 B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 14, 420. Rare in LXX and our lit.) ὑπὸ τὸν ὄρθρον about daybreak Ac 5:21 (s. ὄρθρος).
    Special uses
    ὑφʼ ἕν at one stroke (Epict. 3, 22, 33; Wsd 12:9; Just., D. 65, 3 of topics treated ‘collectively’) B 4:4. ὑπὸ χεῖρα continually (see s.v. χείρ 3) Hv 3, 10, 7; 5, 5; m 4, 3, 6.
    ὑπὸ τὰ ἴχνη IEph 12:2 is translated in the footsteps. Can ὑπό mean this, someth. like Ezk 13:8 (ed. JZiegler ’52 v.l.), where it stands for עַל? But if it = ‘under’, then τὰ ἴχνη would require a different interpretation. See ἴχνος 2. S. the grammarians: Kühner-Gerth II/1 521–26; Schwyzer II 522–23; Mayser II/2 509–15; Radermacher 114–19.—DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ὑπό

  • 5 ἄλοξ

    ἄλοξ, - κος
    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `furrow' (Trag., Com.).
    Other forms: Also αὖλαξ (Hes.), ὦλκα, - ας acc. sg., pl. (Hom.), Dor. ὦλαξ EM 625, 37and in ὁμ-ώλακες (A. R. 2, 396). Further εὑλάκᾱ `plough' with the Lacon. fut. inf. εὑλαξεῖν (Orac. ap. Th. 5, 16); and αὑλάχα ἡ ὕννις H. and *ὄλοκες (cod. ὀλοκεύς) αὔλακες H.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: The relation between these forms was unclear. Solmsen Unt. 258ff. explained ὦλκα from *ἄϜολκα ( κατὰ ὦλκα Ν 707 for original *κατ' ἄϜολκα); it is strange that this form did not live on. Beside *ἀ-Ϝολκ- the zero grade would give *ἀ-Ϝλακ- in αὖλαξ. The root was supposed in Lith. velkù, OCS vlěkǫ, Av. varǝk- `draw'; one could assume * h₂uelk-. This is tempting, but must not be correct. If the Balto-Slavic words are isolated (there is further only Av. vǝrǝc-), the verb may be non-IE; also it is rather * uelkʷ-, which makes the connection with Greek impossible; further there is no trace of the verb in Greek, which has ἔλκω \< *selk-. εὑλάκα can no longer be explained from different prothesis, *ἐ-Ϝλακ-. But ἄλοξ cannot be explained in this way: metathesis of *αϜολκ- would give *αυλοκ-; an after the F had disappeared, metathesis was no longer possible (only contraction to *ωλκ-). - I see no reason to reject ὀλοκ-. ὦλαξ was perhaps taken from a compound, like ὁμώλακ-, which would give *ολακ-. - Pisani JF 53, 29 derived αὖλαξ from αὑλός and separated it from ἄλοξ etc., which is improbable. - The variants are strongly reminiscent of substr. words, as Beekes Dev. 40 held (withdrawn ib. 275-7). Variation of prothetic ε\/α\/ο\/αυ\/ευ is typical of substr. words, as is κ\/χ ( αὐλάχα). So more probably we have to assume a substr. word. The start with the Homeric form was wrong: it is the only form that has no vowel between λ and κ, and is therefore suspect. If we assume labialised phonemes, like , a reconstruction * alʷak- gives all forms: αὖλαξ (by anticipation of the labial feature; which gives ὦλαξ by contraction), ἄλοξ (influence on the second vowel ; ὀλοκ- on both vowels), interchange α\/ε gave εὐλακ-; see Beekes Pre-Gr., and cf. ἀρασχάδες etc. Homer might have had *κατ' ὠλακ(α), which became unclear during the tradition.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄλοξ

  • 6 σπίλος 1

    σπίλος 1.
    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `rock, reef' (Ion. Trag., Arist., Lyχ., Peripl. M. Rubr. α.ο.);
    Other forms: Beside it, favoured by the metre, 1. σπιλάς, - άδος f., mostly pl. - άδες `id.' (Od.); also as attr. of πέτρα (A. R.); - αδώδης `rocky' (Str.). PN Σπιλα-δίας (Eretria IIIa; Bechtel Lex. s. σπιλάς).
    Compounds: διά-σπιλος (Peripl. M. Rubr.),
    Derivatives: σπιλώδης (Arist., Plb.) `rocky'.
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: No agreement outside Greek. Formally agree except for the vowellength some Germ. words, e.g. MHG spīl m. `point of a spear', NHG dial. Speil `chip, splitter', MLG NLG. spīle `broach'. Besides in the north shortvowel forms, e.g. OWNo. spila f. `thin and small piece of wood'. Balt. word that belong here, e.g. Latv. spīle `fork, pin', Lith. spylỹs m. `spike, prickle', are suspect of being, like Čech. spíle `pin', Pol. spila `spear', loans from German or at least to have been influenced by German; s. Fraenkel s. spielóti. (On ἄσπιλος χείμαρρος see σπιλάς 1.) -- (As further cognates with varying final consonants are adduced: with r e.g. MLG spīr `point of germ, grass, tower', with k Lat. spīca `ear (of corn)', with n Lat. spīna `thorn' etc. etc.; all put together under * spei- `point, pointed piece of wood' in WP. 2, 653ff. (after Persson Beitr. 1, 397ff. a. o.) and Pok. 981. It seems quite doubtful to me that these words have enything to do with the Greek word.)
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπίλος 1

  • 7 ὑπονοέω

    + V 0-0-0-1-4=5 DnTh 7,25; Jdt 14,14; Tob 8,16; Sir 23,21
    to expect, to suspect Tob 8,16; to think, to suppose that [+inf.] Jdt 14,14; to think to, to devise [τοῦ +inf.] DnTh 7,25
    →TWNT

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ὑπονοέω

  • 8 οἴομαι

    οἴομαι, in Hom. always un[var] contr. [full] ὀΐομαι (exc.
    A

    οἴομαι Od.10.193

    ,

    οἴοιτο 17.580

    , 22.12), v. infr.:—the shortd. form [full] οἶμαι is the one chiefly used in Trag., οἴομαι only in A.Ch. 758, S.OC28 ; but οἴομαι is freq. in Ar. (Eq. 407, al.) ; Hdt. does not use either form ; in [dialect] Att. Prose codd. vary, but οἶμαι prevails, and was exclusively used in parenthesis (v. infr. IV): [tense] impf.

    ᾠόμην A.Pr. 270

    , Ar.V. 791, etc. ; also 1 pers.

    ᾤμην Id.Fr. 636

    , etc.: [tense] fut.

    οἰήσομαι Lys.30.8

    , Pl.R. 397a, etc., later

    οἰηθήσομαι Gal.Opt.Doctr.42

    :—[dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [full] ὠϊσάμην (v. infr.): [tense] aor.

    ὠΐσθην Od.4.453

    , 16.475 ; part.

    ὀϊσθείς Il.9.453

    ; [dialect] Att. and [dialect] Ion. [tense] aor.

    ᾠήθην Hp.VM14

    , Antipho 1.8, Th.4.130, Pl.Tht. 178c, etc. ; but rare in Com. and Trag.,

    οἰηθῇς Ar.Eq. 860

    , οἰηθείς, -εῖσα, Antiph.194.2, E. IA 986 ; also [tense] aor. inf.

    οἰήσασθαι Arat.896

    :—[voice] Act., [dialect] Ep. [tense] pres. [full] ὀΐω and [full] οἴω, but only in [ per.] 1sg. (v. infr.) ; [dialect] Lacon.

    οἰῶ Ar.Lys.81

    , 156, 998, Epil. 3. [In the un[var] contr. forms, Hom. uses [pron. full] in

    ὀΐομαι Il.5.644

    ,

    ὀΐεαι 1.561

    , Od.10.380,

    ὀΐεται 17.586

    ,

    ὀϊόμεθ' 21.322

    ,22.165,

    ὀϊόμενος Il.15.728

    , Od. 2.351, al. (

    οἰόμενος Call.Epigr.8.2

    ),

    ὠΐετο Od.10.248

    ,

    ὀΐσατο 1.323

    ,9.213,19.390,

    ὀϊσάμενος 15.443

    (but the v.l. ὀϊσσατο, ὀϊσσάμενος in Hom. can be supported by

    ὀϊσσάμενος A.R.2.1135

    , cf. Epic.Alex.Adesp.2.41, Arat.1006, by ὑποίζεσθαι (: ὑπονοεῖν) Hsch., and by

    ὠῐσάμην A.R. 1.291

    , ὠΐσατο [pron. full] [ῐ] Mosch.2.8, etc.) ; [voice] Act. [tense] pres. ὀΐω has [pron. full] when it stands at the end of a line, also in Od.19.215 (in fourth foot), 18.259 (before caesura in third foot) ; but [pron. full] in Il.1.558, 13.153,23.467, etc. ; οἴω as disyll. is always at the end, exc. in 15.298, 21.533, 23.310.]:—forebode, presage, c. acc.,

    κῆρας ὀϊομένῳ Il.13.283

    ;

    γόον δ' ὠΐετο θυμός Od. 10.248

    ; expect,

    ἐελδομένοισι μάλ' ἡμῖν, οὐδ' ἔτ' ὀϊομένοισι 24.401

    ; suspect,

    ἤ τι ὀϊσάμενος, ἢ καὶ θεὸς ὣς ἐκέλευσεν 9.339

    ;

    ἦ τινά που δόλον ἄλλον ὀΐεαι 10.380

    ; fear,

    κατὰ θυμὸν ὀΐσατο, μή ἑ λαβοῦσα οὐλὴν ἀμφράσσαιτο 19.390

    ;

    τῷ ἑπόμην.., ὀϊόμενός περ, ἀνάγκῃ 14.298

    : abs., αἰεὶ μὲν ὀΐεαι, οὐδέ σε λήθω thou art ever suspecting, Il.1.561 ;

    πατὴρ δ' ἐμὸς αὐτίκ' ὀϊσθεὶς πολλὰ κατηρᾶτο 9.453

    , cf. Od.15.443 : folld. by ὡς, καὐτὸς ὀΐεαι ὥς κεν ἐτύχθη you can guess how it would have happened, 3.255, cf. 17.586 : c. acc. et [tense] fut. inf.,

    ὀΐομαι ἄνδρα χολωσέμεν Il.1.78

    ; ἅ τιν' οὐ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω ib. 289, cf. 5.252, 284, al. ;

    τὸ καὶ τελέεσθαι ὀΐω 1.204

    ;

    ἀλλ' οὐ νῦν ἐρύεσθαι ὀΐομαι 20.195

    : c. acc. et [tense] pres. inf., referring to present time,

    οὐδέ τι θυμῷ ὠΐσθη δόλον εἶναι Od.4.453

    , cf. 10.232 ;

    ὀΐσατο γὰρ θεὸν εἶναι 1.323

    ;

    τῶ δ' ὀΐω κείνης τάδε πάσχειν ἐννεσίῃσιν Il.5.894

    : c. acc. et [tense] aor. inf., referring to past time,

    τῇ δ' ὀΐω κατανεῦσαι 1.558

    , cf. Od.3.27, al.: the subj. of the inf. must freq. be supplied from the context, διωκέμεναι γὰρ ὀΐω I fear [they] are pursuing me, 15.278, cf. 1.201, 12.212, Il.12.66,al.: c. inf. alone, when both Verbs have the same subject, as κιχήσεσθαι δέ δ' ὀΐω I think I shall catch you, 6.341 ; mean, intend, c. [tense] fut. inf.,

    οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγ' ἔτι σοὶ πείσεσθαι ὀΐω 1.296

    , cf. 170, Od.19.215 : c. [tense] pres. inf.,

    οὐ γὰρ ὀΐω ἀνδρῶν δυσμενέων ἑκὰς ἱστάμενος πολεμίζειν Il.13.262

    .
    III think, suppose, believe, freq. in Hom., as Il.1.59,5.644, etc. ;

    οἶμαι βοὴν ἄμικτον ἐν πόλει πρέπειν A. Ag. 321

    ; οἶμαι γάρ νιν ἱκετεύσειν ( ἱκετεῦσαι codd.) E.IA 462 ; κτήσεσθαι (- σασθαι codd.) Lys.12.19 ; διαπράξεσθαι (- ξασθαι codd.) Id.13.53 ;

    ἤδη γὰρ αὐτοὺς οἴομαι δεδειπνάναι Ar.Fr. 464

    ; opp. εἰδέναι, Pl.R. 506c4 ;

    οἴονται, ἴσασι δ' οὐδέν Arist.Rh. 1389b17

    , cf.APo. 75a15 : folld. by ὅτι.., Plu.2.90b:—[voice] Pass.,

    μάρτυρας δύο παρεχέτω ὀμνύντας οἰόμενον

    that he is the putative father,

    Schwyzer784a

    (Tenos, iv B. C.).
    IV parenthetically, mostly in first person, ἐν πρώτοισιν, ὀΐω, κείσεται among the first, I ween, will he be lying, Il.8.536 ;

    ἔπειτά γ', ὀΐω, γνώσεαι Od.16.309

    , cf. Il.13.153, Od.2.255, etc.: in Hom. only in act. form ὀΐω, exc.

    ὀΐομαι Od.22.140

    , and perh. 14.363, cf. A.Ch. 758 ; in [dialect] Att. this parenthetic use is prob. confined to the shorter form οἶμαι, [tense] impf. ᾤμην ; rarely in other persons than the first, as οὐκ οἴει ἀναγκασθήσεται; Pl.R. 486c, cf. Tht. 147b ; πόσης οἴεσθε γέμει σωφροσύνης; Id.Smp. 216d.
    2 expressive of modesty or courtesy, to avoid over-great bluntness of assertion, Id.Grg. 483c, X.Cyr.1.3.11, etc.: even between a Prep. and its case,

    ἐξ οἶμαι τῆς ἀκροτάτης ἐλευθερίας Pl.R. 564a

    ;

    ἐν οἶμαι πολλοῖς D.20.3

    ; or between Art. and Subst.,

    οἱ γὰρ οἶμαι βέλτιστοι Id.54.38

    .
    V answering a question, I think so, I should think so, Ar.Ach. 919, etc. ;

    νὴ τὸν Ἡρακλέα, οἶμαί γε Id.Th.27

    ;

    οἶμαι ἔγωγε Pl.Cri. 47d

    , etc. ; οἴεσθαί γε χρή one must think so, it would seem so, Id.Prt. 325c, Cri. 53d, Phd. 68b, Grg. 522a.
    VI [dialect] Att. phrases:
    2 οἴομαι δεῖν I think it my duty, think fit, hence sts., intend, purpose, λέγειν οἴεται δεῖν ποιεῖν δεινούς his object is to train orators, Pl.Men. 95c, cf. 86b, Tht. 207e ;

    βδελυρὸς καὶ ὑβριστὴς ᾤετο δεῖν εἶναι D.21.143

    ;

    τοὺς ἐχθροὺς ἀμυνόμενοι τεθνάναι δεῖν ᾤοντο Id.60.31

    , cf. Pl.Prt. 316c, X.An.2.6.26, Mem.4.6.3,6 ; [ ὁ ἀκόλαστος] οἰόμενος δεῖν [ διώκει τὰ ἡδέα] intentionally, Arist.EN 1152a6, cf. 1136b8, Pl.Hipparch. 225b ; but οἴομαι δὲ δεῖν οὐδέν methinks there is no need, S.OC28 ; and in Pl.Alc.2.144d ἆρ' οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον.. οἰηθῆναι δεῖν.. ἡμᾶς εἰδέναι ἢ τῷ ὄντι εἰδέναι; must we not either think we know or really know? ( δεῖν being superfluous).
    3 οἴομαι without δεῖν I mean to, intend, οὐκ οἴει.. δοῦναι δίκην ; Lys.12.26, cf. Pl.Criti. 62d, Ly. 200b, Ep. 324b ; οὐ βαλεῖν (v.l. βάλλειν)..

    ᾠήθη Arist.EN 1135b14

    , cf. 1172a7.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἴομαι

  • 9 ἀνθυποπτεύω

    A suspect mutually,

    ἀλλήλους D.C.45.8

    : abs., Aen. Tact.24.11 (cj.):—[voice] Pass., ἀνθυποπτεύεται.. πλέον ἕξειν he is met by the suspicion that.., Th.3.43.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀνθυποπτεύω

  • 10 ὑπολαμβάνω

    ὑπολαμβάνω, also [full] ὑπολάζυμαι (q. v.), late [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] fut.
    A

    - λαμψοῦνται Anon.Oxy.410.99

    :—take up by getting under, as the dolphin did Arion, Hdt.1.24, Pl.R. 453d;

    τοὺς νεοττοὺς ὑ. ἡ φήνη Arist.HA 619b34

    ;

    τὸ κῦμα ὑ. τινά Clearch.73

    ;

    νεφέλη ὑ. τινά Act.Ap.1.9

    .
    b bear up, support, Hdt.4.72;

    ὑ. τοὺς ἐνδεεῖς Str.14.2.5

    , cf. D.S.19.67;

    ὑπέλαβές με πέμψας μοι τὰ κριθάρια BGU48.3

    (ii/iii A. D.).
    2 take up, seize or come suddenly upon,

    ὑπὸ τρόμος ἔλλαβε γυῖα Il.3.34

    , Od.18.88; of a storm of wind, Hdt.4.179; of a fit of madness, Id.6.75; of a pestilence, ib.27; of a river taking up earth thrown into it, Id.2.150; of winds taking up water, ib.25; of soldiers marching, δυσχωρία ὑπελάμβανεν αὐτούς, i. e. they came suddenly into difficult ground, X.HG3.5.20: abs.,

    ὑπολαβὼν πυρετός Hp.Epid.5.20

    ; of events, follow next, come next,

    ὑπέλαβε ναυμαχίη καρτερή Hdt.8.12

    , cf. 6.27.
    3 in discourse, take up what is said, interpret or understand it in a certain way,

    ταύτῃ ὑπολαμβάνεις ᾗ ἃν κακουργήσαις μάλιστα τὸν λόγον Pl.R. 338d

    ;

    ὃν μὴ σὺ φράζεις, πῶς ὑπολάβοιμ' ἂν λόγον; E. IA 523

    , cf. Pl.Euthd. 295c; ὑ. τι εἴς τινα understand it of, i. e. apply it to, him, Aeschin.1.157;

    ὥσπερ ὁ ἀκούων ὑ. Arist.Rh. 1412a30

    ; rejoin, retort, Pl.Lg. 875d, D.22.10, etc.;

    πρός τι Th.5.85

    ;

    τιπρός τινας D.20.146

    , cf. 23.93; ὑ. τινὶ ὅτι .. Pl.R. 598d; ὑ. ὡς .. X.Ath.3.12, etc.: c. acc. et inf., reply that.., Th.5.49; ὑπολαμβάνεῖν χρὴ εἰ .. retort by asking whether.., Lys.13.82: abs., in dialogue, ἔφη ὑπολαβών, ὑ. ἔφη, ὑ. εἶπεν, he said in answer, Pl.R. 331d, Hdt.101, Th.3.113, etc.
    b take up, interrupt,

    μεταξὺ ὑ. X.An.3.1.26

    ;

    ἔτι λέγοντος αὐτοῦ ὑ. Id.Cyr.5.5.35

    .
    4 take up the conqueror, fight with him, Th.8.105.
    5 take up a charge, Id.6.28; ὑ. τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν τινός take up and turn it to their own use, Luc.Cal.17.
    II = ὑποδέχομαι, receive and protect, ὁ Κῦρος ὑπολαβὼν τοὺς φεύγοντας (the exiles) X.An.1.1.7; admit a visitor, Pl.Smp. 212d; of a doctor, take in hand, treat a patient, Hp. Morb.1.15 ([voice] Pass.).
    2 accept or entertain a proposal, Hdt.1.212, 3.146;

    δυσχερῶς ὑ. D.57.35

    ; μηδεὶς ὑπολάβῃ δυσκόλως ἐὰν .. take it amiss, ib.59.
    III take up a notion, assume, suppose, freq. of an ill-grounded opinion,

    ὑ. θεῖον εἶναι τὸ ἐπαγγελλόμενον Hdt.2.55

    ;

    οὐκ ἂν ὑπέλαβον τοῦτον ἀντειπεῖν Antipho 3.3.2

    , cf. Pl.Phd. 86b, Prt. 343d;

    ἐὰν ὑπολάβῃ.. Ἀθήνῃσιν εἶναι, ὢν ἐν Λιβύῃ Arist.Metaph. 1010b10

    : an Adv. is freq. added to give the word a good sense,

    ὀρθῶς ὑ. Pl.Grg. 458e

    , Arist.EN 1145b21,

    καλῶς Id.Rh. 1404a1

    , etc.;

    βέλτιον ὑπελάβομεν εἶναι πάλιν γράψαι PCair.Zen.36.15

    (iii B. C.): with εἶναι omitted, assume or understand a thing to be so and so, τὰ φύματα τεχνικώτατον ὑπειληφέναι (sc. εἶναι)

    δεῖ δύνασθαι διαλύειν Hp.Medic. 10

    ; τὸ χαλεπὸν κακὸν (sc. εἶναι)

    ὑ. Pl.Prt. 341b

    ;

    ὑ. τὸν Ἔρωτα ἕν τι τῶν ὄντων Id.Phdr. 263d

    ; ὑ. τι ὡς ὂν .. Id.Prm. 134c; τὸν αἰθέρα τῇδέ πῃ ὑ. conceive of the word αἰθήρ somewhat in this way, Id.Cra. 410b;

    οὕτως ὑ. περί τινος Isoc.3.26

    , cf. D.18.269: simply c. acc., καίπερ ὑπειληφὼς ταῦτα though I assume this to be so, Id.19.3, cf. Arist.Metaph. 1005b26;

    τίς σε ἀναγκάσαι δύναται ὑπολαβεῖν τι ὧν οὐ θέλεις; Arr.Epict.2.6.21

    ; ὃ βούλει, ὑπολάμβανε ib.1.10.4;

    ὑ. πλῆθος ὡρισμένον Arist.Metaph. 1073b13

    ; ὑ. ὅτι .. Id.Pol. 1301a25:—[voice] Pass.,

    τοιοῦτος ὑπολαμβάνομαι Isoc.12.5

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1366a26;

    ὑ. μειζόνως ἢ κατὰ τὴν ἀξίαν Isoc.11.24

    , cf. D.23.6;

    ἡ ὑπειλημμένη ἀρετή Id.14.1

    ; ὅπως ποθ' ὑπείλημμαι περὶ τούτων ἀρκεῖ μοι I am content with whatever opinion of me has been formed in these matters, Id.18.269: c. inf.,

    τῇ φιλανθρωπίᾳ ἢν ἔχειν ὑπείληψαι παρὰ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις Isoc. Ep.4.9

    , cf. Arist.Rh. 1383b8; ὑπολαμβάνεται δεδωκέναι is understood to have granted, Id.SE 178a20: τὸ ὑποληφθὲν πᾶν, = πᾶσα ὑπόληψις (11), Men.249.7.
    IV draw away, seduce,

    ὑ. μισθῷ μείζονι τοὺς ναυβάτας Th.1.121

    , cf. 143; Κέρκυραν ib.68.
    3 receive, ἀποτίσει.. ὃ ὑπείληφεν.. ἀργυρικὸν κεφάλαιον Mitteis Chr.220.21 (i A. D.), cf. BGU709.19 (ii A. D.).
    V ὑ. ἵππον, as a term of horsemanship, hold up the horse, check him in his course, X.Eq.7.15,9.5.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπολαμβάνω

  • 11 ὑπονοέω

    A suspect, τι Hdt.9.88, E.IA 1132;

    μηδὲν εἴς τινα Ar.Pl. 361

    ;

    ὑ. αὐτῶν τὴν διάνοιαν Th.7.73

    ;

    ψεῦδος Pl.Lg. 679c

    ;

    πονηρά Phld. Lib.p.61

    O.: c. acc. pers. et inf.,

    ὑπονοήσαντες τοὺς Σαμίους τὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων φρονέειν Hdt.9.99

    ; ὑ. εἶναί τι θεῖον (v.l. θεόν) Arist.Fr.10: so ὑ. ὅπως.., ὅτι .., X.Cyr.3.3.20, HG4.8.35; τῶν λεγόντων ὑπενοεῖτε.., ὡς λέγουσι you felt suspicious of the speakers, thinking that.., Th.1.68;

    ὑ. περί τινος And.3.35

    ; ὑ. τὰ λεγόμενα watch my words captiously, Id.1.9, Antipho 6.18.
    II surmise, conjecture, guess at, Ar.Eq. 652, Lys. 1234;

    τὰ τῶν θεῶν And.1.139

    : c. acc. et inf.,

    ὑ. ὧδ' ἔχειν τι Cratin.Jun.10

    : abs.,

    ἀλλ' ὑπονόησον σύ μοι Ar. Lys.38

    ;

    ὑπονοοῦντες προαρπάζειν

    by conjecture,

    Pl.Grg. 454c

    ;

    οὐδεὶς οἶδε.., ἀλλ' ὑπονοοῦμεν πάντες ἢ πιστεύομεν Men.261

    ; ἐάσας ὑπονοεῖν εἰς τοὔνομα leaving us to guess at.., Alex.267.6.
    III simply, suppose, consider,

    τινὰ μακαρίως ἐζηκέναι Phld.Mort.36

    :—[voice] Pass.,

    - νοούμενος ἅπαντα γινώσκειν Id.Piet. 101

    .
    IV [voice] Med. in signf. 1, ὅτι .. POxy.1680.14 (iii/iv A. D.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπονοέω

  • 12 οἴομαι

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `to suspect, to expect, to think, to believe, to deem' (Od.); new presents: ὑπ-οίζεσθαι ὑπονοεῖν H., ὑπερ-οιάζομαι `to be arrogant, to be smug' (Phot., Suid.; also H.?).
    Other forms: ὀΐομαι (Hom.), οἶμαι (trag., Att.; cf. below), also act. 1. sg. ὀΐω, οἴω (Hom.), οἰῶ (Lac. in Ar. a.o., Bechtel Dial. 2, 351), aor. ὀΐσ(σ)ασθαι, ὀϊσθῆναι (ep.), οἰη-θῆναι (ion. att.), - σασθαι (Arat.; Wackernagel Unt. 183 n. 1), fut. οἰή-σομαι (Att.), - θήσομαι (Gal.).
    Compounds: Sometimes w. prefix, e.g. συν-.
    Derivatives: οἴη-σις f. (IA.), - μα n. (Plu., D. C.) `conceit, smugness, belief, opinion' with - ματίας m. `prig' (Ptol., H., Suid.), - τικός `arrogant' (Ph.); ἀν-ώϊσ-τος `unimagined, unthought-of' (ep. Φ 39), - τί adv. (δ 92).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [not] *h₃u̯is- `suppose, assume, have the opinion'
    Etymology: As original forms can be considered ὀΐομαι (ῑ), ὀΐω (ῑ and ), with οἴομαι, οἴω as sentence-phonetic variants. From there arose in unstressed position the esp. as parenthetic form used οἶμαι with ipf. ᾤμην (Ar.) beside ᾠόμην (Schwyzer 280 a. 679 n. 7 with J. Schmidt KZ 38, 33; diff. Wackernagel KZ 30, 315 f. = Kl. Schr. 1, 678f., Brugmann IF 29, 229ff.). From ὀϊσθῆναι, ἀν-ώϊστος appears as basic form prob. *ὀϜίσ-ι̯ομαι, from where ὀ(Ϝ)ίομαι, *ὄ(Ϝ)ι̯ομαι \> οἴομαι (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 29; 371f.; 405, 407). -- Further unclear. By Kretschmer KZ 31, 455 a.o. (s. Bq and W.-Hofmann s. ōmen) as *ὀϜίσ-ι̯ομαι connected with Lat. ōmen `portent' (OLat. osmen) from *ou̯is-men. As however the nouns in - men are primary verbal derivations, this etymology is possible only on condition, that the disyllabic ou̯is-, which cannot be considered as verbal root, contains a prefix o-; this can be solved by assuming *h₃u̯is-, Beekes, Devel. 58. (Diff. on ōmen Porzig IF 42, 266). Thus Brugmann l. c. assumes a prefixal *ὀ-ίσ-ι̯ομαι, to Skt. ís-yati `set in quick movement' (s. on οἶμα); prop. meaning "come on something with my thinking", semantically rather uncertain. Similarly (to IE * eis- `move violently, push', but without prefix) Krogmann KZ 63, 131. -- An uncertain supposition on original impersonal use ( ὀΐεται μοι τ 312) in Debrunner Mus. Helv. 1, 43. On the middle form Schwyzer-Debrunner 234, Balmori Emer. 1, 42 ff.
    Page in Frisk: 2,366

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > οἴομαι

  • 13 σμῐνύη

    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `two pronged mattock' (Att. inscr., com., Pl.);
    Other forms: gen. from. ο-stem σμινύοιο (Nic. Th. 386).
    Derivatives: σμινύδιον (Poll. 7, 148 ex Ar.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]
    Etymology: Instrument name with formation as σιπύη, ὀστρύη, ὀφρύη a. o.; a not lengthened u-stem is not suficiently verified by the suspect acc. pl. σμινύδας (Ar. Fr. 402b; prob. for σμινύας). The word is generally considered as a verbal abstr. in -νυ(ᾱ) of IE * smei- `cut' in σμίλη (s. v. w. lit.). We saw that the etymology of σμίλη was uncertain. The word may be Pre-Greek.
    Page in Frisk: 2,750-751

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σμῐνύη

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